Blood Chemistry For Diabetes
Fasting glucose (fasting blood glucose, FBG) – for measuring the level of glucose in the blood after an 8-12 hour fast.
A1c (hemoglobin A1c or glycohemoglobin 糖化血紅蛋白) – for evaluating the average amount of glucose in the blood over the last 2 to 3 months. For this test, patients don’t have to fast for 8 hours or to endure multiple blood samples being drawn over several hours.
2-hour glucose tolerance test (OGTT) – this test involves drawing a fasting blood test, followed by the patient having drunk a 75-gram glucose drink and then drawing another sample two hours after the drink.
Following tests may be applied for evaluating glucose control, organ function, and to detect emerging complications;
– Fructosamine 果糖胺 – for evaluating average glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 weeks
– 1,5 Anhydroglucitol 1,5 脫水葡萄糖/1,5脫水葡萄糖醇 – a new test for detecting high glucose levels in the past 1 to 2 weeks
– To monitor kidney function: urinary albumin 尿蛋白 (microalbumin 微量白蛋白), creatinine clearance 肌酐清除率, eGFR, CMP, BUN, creatinine 肌酐, cystatin C 胱抑素C
– To monitor cholesterol and other lipids: cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid profile 血脂譜/脂質分佈
High-density lipoprotein
高密度脂蛋白
Low-density lipoprotein
低密度脂蛋白