Blood Chemistry For Diabetes

Fasting glucose (fasting blood glucose, FBG) – for measuring the level of glucose in the blood after an 8-12 hour fast.

A1c (hemoglobin A1c or glycohemoglobin 糖化血紅蛋白) – for evaluating the average amount of glucose in the blood over the last 2 to 3 months.  For this test, patients don’t have to fast for 8 hours or to endure multiple blood samples being drawn over several hours.

Glycated hemoglobin  

2-hour glucose tolerance test (OGTT) – this test involves drawing a fasting blood test, followed by the patient having drunk a 75-gram glucose drink and then drawing another sample two hours after the drink.

Glucose Tolerance Test  

Diabetes Hongkong

Following tests may be applied for evaluating glucose control, organ function, and to detect emerging complications;
– Fructosamine 果糖胺 – for evaluating average glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 weeks
– 1,5 Anhydroglucitol 1,5 脫水葡萄糖/1,5脫水葡萄糖醇 – a new test for detecting high glucose levels in the past 1 to 2 weeks
– To monitor kidney function: urinary albumin 尿蛋白 (microalbumin 微量白蛋白), creatinine clearance 肌酐清除率, eGFR, CMP, BUN, creatinine 肌酐, cystatin C 胱抑素C
– To monitor cholesterol and other lipids: cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, lipid profile 血脂譜/脂質分佈

Fructosamine  

1,5-Anhydroglucitol  

Cholesterol  
膽固醇  

Lipid profile  

High-density lipoprotein  
高密度脂蛋白  

Low-density lipoprotein  
低密度脂蛋白  

Triglycerides  
三酸甘油酯  

Glossary of diabetes terms